Birches grow extensively across The Wirral Peninsula; the name
Birkenhead is believed by some to derive from their Old English
name "birchen". Birch seeds are only 2-3mm across, but they have
two wings which help them be dispersed by the wind over a wide
area. A large birch tree can produce hundreds of thousands of
seeds a year and, while only a few germinate, they grow quickly
into mature trees.
Heswall Dales remained largely Birch free for many years but a lack of grazing in recent years has helped the Birch to become an established feature of the nature reserve. Left alone they could easily overwhelm other native species which is why the Ranger and volunteers are often seen removing saplings.
Birch is susceptible to decay when exposed to the elements and is not a suitable material for structural use outdoors. Hence the old Birch Steps rotted away after a few years and fell out of regular use. Although alternative routes up and down the hillside are available, many are steep and tree roots present trip hazards. The newly restored Birch Steps, whilst retaining the old name, are made out of pressure treated good quality timber to provide a longer lasting and safe route up to, and down from, the Heswall Society Bench.